Intestine
OPTN/SRTR 2016 Annual Data Report: Intestine
Abstract
Despite improvements in medical and surgical treatment of intestinal failure, intestine transplant continues to play an important role. In 2016, a total of 147 intestine transplants were performed, 80 intestine-without-liver and 67 intestine-liver. Over the past decade, the age distribution of candidates waitlisted for intestine and intestine-liver transplant shifted from primarily pediatric to increasing proportions of adults. In 2016, 58.2% of candidates on the intestine list at any time during the year were aged younger than 18 years, with a decrease over time in those aged younger than 6 years and an increase in those aged 6-17 years. Adults accounted for 41.9% of candidates on the list at any time during the year, with a stable proportion of those aged 18-34 years and a decrease in those aged 35 years or older. By age, pretransplant mortality rate was highest for adult candidates at 11.7 per 100 waitlist years and lowest for children aged younger than 6 years at 2.2 per 100 waitlist years. For intestine transplants with or without a liver in 2009-2011, 1- and 5-year graft survival was 72.0% and 54.1%, respectively, for recipients aged younger than 18 years, and 70.5% and 44.1%, respectively, for recipients aged 18 years or older.
Introduction
Advances in the medical and surgical treatments of intestinal failure have led to a decrease in the number of transplants over the past decade. Patient survival has improved, and morbidity associated with parenteral nutrition, including liver failure, has declined. Nevertheless, intestine transplant still plays an important role in the treatment of intestinal failure. Intestine transplants may be performed in isolation, with a liver transplant, or as part of a multi-visceral transplant including any combination of liver, stomach, pancreas, colon, spleen, and kidney. There are notable differences in patients and transplant outcomes for intestine transplants with and without liver. Information on the waiting list, transplants, and outcomes is presented for both types of transplants.
Waiting List
In 2016, 195 patients were added to the intestine transplant waiting list, with similar numbers waiting for intestine (98) and for intestine-liver (97) transplant (Figure IN 1). Among the 270 prevalent patients on the waiting list at the end of 2016, 163 (60.4%) were waiting for intestine transplant and 107 (39.6%) were waiting for intestine-liver transplant (Figure IN 2, Table IN 4). Over the past decade, the age distribution of candidates waitlisted for intestine and intestine-liver transplant shifted from primarily pediatric to increasing proportions of adults (Figure IN 3). In 2016, 58.2% of candidates on the intestine waiting list were aged younger than 18 years, with a decrease over time in those aged younger than 6 years and an increase in those aged 6-17 years. Adults account for 41.9% of candidates on the list, with a stable proportion of those aged 18-34 years and a decrease in those aged 35 years or older. The racial/ethnic distribution did not change (Figure IN 4). The most common etiology of intestinal failure remained short-gut syndrome (SGS; 55.9%), which encompasses a large group of diagnoses (Figure IN 5). In 2016, 51.5% of candidates were on the waiting list for less than 1 year, 14.8% for 1 to less than 2 years, and 33.7% for 2 or more years (Figure IN 6).
Characteristics of intestine and intestine-liver candidates on the waiting list at year end 2016 were similar with respect to age, sex, and race (Table IN 1). Considering disease etiology, pseudo-obstruction, necrotizing enterocolitis, and non-congenital SGS were more common among candidates listed for intestine transplant and enteropathies were more common among intestine-liver candidates (Table IN 2). Intestine-liver candidates were more often status 1 than candidates for intestine without liver (59.8% vs. 32.5%). Listing for retransplant was more common among intestine-liver candidates than among intestine candidates (Table IN 3). Transplant rates and trends varied by candidate age and transplant type (intestine, intestine-liver) (Figure IN 9). In 2016, transplant rates were highest for adult intestine-without-liver transplants, at 190.6 per 100 waitlist years, and lowest for pediatric intestine without liver transplant, at 23.5 per 100 waitlist years. The transplant rate was 127.2 per 100 waitlist years for adult intestine-liver candidates and 64.3 per 100 waitlist years for pediatric intestine-liver candidates.
Of the 90 candidates removed from the intestine-without-liver waiting list in 2016, 77 (85.6%) underwent deceased donor transplant, 4 died, 3 were removed from the list because their condition improved, and 1 was considered too sick to undergo transplant (Table IN 5). Of the 94 candidates removed from the intestine-liver waiting list, 70 (74.5%) underwent deceased donor transplant, 9 died, 5 were removed from the list because their condition improved, and 6 were considered too sick to undergo transplant. Regarding 3-year outcomes, 67.5% of intestine transplant candidates listed in 2013 underwent deceased donor transplant, 3.9% died, 6.5% were removed from the list, and 22.1% were still waiting in 2016 (Figure IN 10). Of intestine-liver candidates listed in 2013, 58.3% underwent deceased donor transplant, 22.9% died, 15.6% were removed from the list, and 3.1% were still waiting in 2016 (Figure IN 11). Among candidates listed in 2015-2016, median time to transplant was 5.6 months for adult and 6.8 months for pediatric intestine-liver transplant candidates, and 2.6 months for adult intestine transplant candidates (Figure IN 12). The median was not observed for pediatric intestine transplant candidates; the median for those listed in 2009-2010 was 25.0 months.
Among candidates on the waiting list in 2015-2016, by age, pretransplant mortality was highest for adults at 11.7 per 100 waitlist years and lowest for children aged younger than 6 years at 2.2 per 100 waitlist years (Figure IN 13). Regarding age and type of transplant, pretransplant mortality was highest for adult intestine-liver and lowest for pediatric intestine candidates (respectively, 21.1 vs. 0.9 deaths per 100 waitlist years in 2015-2016) (Figure IN 16). Pretransplant mortality was similar for the different etiologies of organ failure (Figure IN 15).
Donation
The largest proportion of intestine donors were aged 18-34 years (34.8%), and the next largest proportion were aged younger than 5 years (32.9%) (Figure IN 17). Most intestine donors were white (62.6%, Figure IN 18). The overall rate of intestines recovered for transplant and not transplanted was 8.0% in 2015-2016 (Figure IN 20). The most common cause of death among deceased intestine donors has been head trauma, 54.4% in 2016 (Figure IN 22).
Transplant
In 2016, a total of 147 intestine transplants were performed, 80 intestine and 67 intestine-liver (Figure IN 23). In 2016, six programs were performing intestine transplants primarily in children, six were performing transplants only in adults, and seven were performing transplants in both adults and children (Figure IN 34). The median program volume was six intestine transplants per year in 2016, down from a median of 12 in 2015.(Figure IN 35). In 2016, 59.6% of intestine transplants were performed at programs in the 75th-95th percentile of volume, 26-54 transplants per year (Figure IN 36, Figure IN 35).
The age distribution of intestine and intestine-liver transplant recipients changed substantially over the past decade, with adult recipients now outnumbering pediatric recipients (Figure IN 24). Comparing intestine with intestine-liver transplant recipients, more than half of intestine-liver transplant recipients were aged younger than 18 years (52.2%) versus 27.5% of intestine recipients (Table IN 6). SGS (congenital and non-congenital) was the main cause of disease leading to both intestine and intestine-liver transplant (Table IN 7). The proportion of recipients who waited a year or more for an intestine transplant without a liver was 18.8%, compared with 12.0% for intestine-liver recipients (Table IN 8). In 2016, 20.9% of intestine-liver transplant recipients had undergone a previous intestine transplant, compared with 7.5% of intestine transplant recipients.
Immunosuppression
Regarding induction therapy in 2016, 52.9% of intestine transplant recipients, with and without a liver, received T-cell depleting agents, 16.2% received interleukin-2 receptor antagonists, and 34.6% reported no induction (Figure IN 28). The initial immunosuppression agents used most commonly in 2016 were tacrolimus (97.8%, Figure IN 29), steroids (73.5%, Figure IN 32), and mycophenolate (38.2%, Figure IN 30).Steroids were used in 80.2% of recipients who underwent transplant in 2015 at 1 year posttransplant (Figure IN 32).
Outcomes
Graft failure has declined since the late 1990s, but plateaued over the past decade. The age-, sex-, and race-adjusted graft failure rate among intestine transplant recipients was 16.1% at 6 months, and 22.0% at 1 year for transplants in 2014-2015, 43% at 3 years for transplants in 2012-2013, 51.3% at 5 years for transplants in 2010-2011, and 71.2% at 10 years for transplants in 2004-2005 (Figure IN 37). Among intestine-liver transplant recipients, the graft failure rate was 19.8% at 6 months, and 28% at 1 year for transplants in 2014-2015, 36.7% at 3 years for transplants in 2012-2013, 44.9% at 5 years for transplants in 2010-2011, and 52.7% at 10 years for transplants in 2004-2005 (Figure IN 38). For intestine transplants in 2009-2011, Figure IN 39 shows 5-year graft survival curves by recipient age and Figure IN 40 shows survival by organ transplanted. For intestine transplants with or without a liver in 2009-2011, 1- and 5-year graft survival was 72.0% and 54.1%, respectively, for recipients aged younger than 18 years, and 70.5% and 44.1%, respectively, for recipients aged 18 years or older. One- and 5-year graft survival was 70.9% and 47.6%, respectively, for recipients of intestines without a liver, and 70.2% and 50.6%, respectively, for intestine-liver recipients. The number of recipients alive with a functioning intestine graft steadily increased over time to 1158 on July 1, 2016; 42.3% were pediatric intestine-liver transplant recipients (Figure IN 41). The incidence of first acute rejection in the first posttransplant year varied by era, age group, and transplant procedure. Among recipients in 2014-2015; incidence was highest in pediatric recipients of intestine without liver (65.7%) and lowest in adult intestine-liver recipients (29.7%) (Figure IN 42). For recipients who underwent transplant in 2004-2014, 9.2% of intestine-without-liver recipients (Figure IN 43) and 7% of intestine-liver recipients (Figure IN 44) developed posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder within 5 years posttransplant. Incidence was highest among recipients who were negative for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV): 10.6% of EBV-negative intestine-without-liver recipients and 7.8% of EBV-negative intestine-liver recipients. Patient survival varied by age and type of transplant. Patient survival was lowest for adult intestine-liver recipients (1- and 5-year survival 66.1% and 40.3%, respectively) and highest for pediatric intestine recipients (1- and 5-year survival 82.3% and 67.7%, respectively) (Figure IN 45).
Figure List
Waiting list
Figure IN 1. New candidates added to the intestine transplant waiting list
Figure IN 2. Candidates listed for intestine transplant on December 31 each year
Figure IN 3. Distribution of candidates waiting for intestine transplant by age
Figure IN 4. Distribution of candidates waiting for intestine transplant by race
Figure IN 5. Distribution of candidates waiting for intestine transplant by diagnosis
Figure IN 6. Distribution of candidates waiting for intestine transplant by waiting time
Figure IN 7. Distribution of candidates waiting for intestine transplant by medical urgency
Figure IN 8. Distribution of candidates waiting for intestine transplant by liver co-listing
Figure IN 9. Deceased donor intestine transplant rates among active waitlist candidates by age and liver co-listing
Figure IN 10. Three-year outcomes for candidates waiting for intestine transplant without liver, new listings in 2013
Figure IN 11. Three-year outcomes for candidates waiting for intestine transplant with liver, new listings in 2013
Figure IN 12. Median months to intestine transplant for waitlist candidates by age
Figure IN 13. Pretransplant mortality rates among candidates waitlisted for intestine transplant by age
Figure IN 14. Pretransplant mortality rates among candidates waitlisted for intestine transplant by race
Figure IN 15. Pretransplant mortality rates among candidates waitlisted for intestine transplant by diagnosis
Figure IN 16. Pretransplant mortality rates among candidates waitlisted for intestine transplant by liver co-listing
Deceased donation
Figure IN 17. Deceased intestine donors by age
Figure IN 18. Deceased intestine donors by race
Figure IN 19. Rates of intestines recovered for transplant and not transplanted by age
Figure IN 20. Rates of intestines recovered for transplant and not transplanted by sex
Figure IN 21. Rates of intestines recovered for transplant and not transplanted by race
Figure IN 22. Cause of death among deceased intestine donors
Transplant
Figure IN 23. Total intestine transplants
Figure IN 24. Total intestine transplants by age
Figure IN 25. Total intestine transplants by sex
Figure IN 26. Total intestine transplants by race
Figure IN 27. Total intestine transplants by diagnosis
Figure IN 28. Induction agent use in intestine transplant recipients
Figure IN 29. Calcineurin inhibitor use in intestine transplant recipients
Figure IN 30. Anti-metabolite use in intestine transplant recipients
Figure IN 31. mTOR inhibitor use in intestine transplant recipients
Figure IN 32. Steroid use in intestine transplant recipients
Figure IN 33. Total HLA A, B, and DR mismatches among adult deceased donor intestine transplant recipients, 2012-2016
Figure IN 34. Number of centers performing adult and pediatric and adult intestine transplants by center's age mix
Figure IN 35. Annual adult intestine transplant center volumes, by percentile
Figure IN 36. Distribution of adult intestine transplants by percentile of center volume
Outcomes
Figure IN 37. Graft failure among transplant recipients of intestine without liver
Figure IN 38. Graft failure among transplant recipients of intestine with liver
Figure IN 39. Graft survival among intestine transplant recipients, 2009-2011, by age
Figure IN 40. Graft survival among adult deceased donor intestine transplant recipients, 2011, by transplant type
Figure IN 41. Recipients alive with a functioning intestine graft on June 30 of the year, by age at transplant and procedure
Figure IN 42. Incidence of acute rejection by 1 year posttransplant among intestine transplant recipients by age and transplant type
Figure IN 43. Incidence of PTLD among recipients of intestine transplant without liver by recipient EBV status at transplant, 2004-2014
Figure IN 44. Incidence of PTLD among recipients of intestine transplant with liver by recipient EBV status at transplant, 2004-2014
Figure IN 45. Patient survival among adult deceased donor intestine transplant recipients, 2009-2011, by age and transplant type
Table List
Waiting list
Table IN 1. Demographic characteristics of candidates on the intestine transplant waiting list on December 31, 2016
Table IN 2. Clinical characteristics of candidates on the intestine transplant waiting list on December 31, 2016
Table IN 3. Listing characteristics of candidates on the intestine transplant waiting list on December 31, 2016
Table IN 4. Intestine transplant waitlist activity, 2016
Table IN 5. Removal reason among intestine transplant candidates, 2016
Transplant
Table IN 6. Demographic characteristics of intestine transplant recipients, 2016
Table IN 7. Clinical characteristics of intestine transplant recipients, 2016
Table IN 8. Transplant characteristics of intestine transplant recipients, 2016
Table IN 1 Demographic characteristics of candidates on the intestine transplant waiting list on December 31, 2016 Candidates waiting for intestines with and without liver on December 31, 2016, regardless of first listing date; multiple listings are collapsed.
Characteristic | IN, N | IN, Percent | IN-LI, N | IN-LI, Percent |
Age: < 6 years | 116 | 71.2% |
72 | 67.3% | Age: 6-17 years
| 17 | 10.4% | 15 | 14.0% |
Age: 18-34 years | 15 | 9.2% |
8 | 7.5% | Age: 35-49 years
| 12 | 7.4% | 11 | 10.3% |
Age: 50-64 years | 3 | 1.8% |
1 | 0.9% | Sex: Female
| 82 | 50.3% | 47 | 43.9% |
Sex: Male | 81 | 49.7% |
60 | 56.1% | Race/ethnicity: White
| 92 | 56.4% | 53 | 49.5% |
Race/ethnicity: Black | 36 | 22.1% |
23 | 21.5% | Race/ethnicity: Hispanic
| 26 | 16.0% | 22 | 20.6% |
Race/ethnicity: Asian | 6 | 3.7% |
4 | 3.7% | Race/ethnicity: Other/unknown
| 3 | 1.8% | 5 | 4.7% |
All candidates | 163 | 100.0% |
107 | 100.0% |
Table IN 2 Clinical characteristics of candidates on the intestine transplant waiting list on December 31, 2016 Candidates waiting for intestines with and without liver on December 31, 2016, regardless of first listing date; multiple listings are collapsed. SGS, short-gut syndrome. MELD scores are given for intestine-liver candidates.
Characteristic | IN, N | IN, Percent | IN-LI, N | IN-LI, Percent |
Diagnosis: Necrotizing enterocolitis | 25 | 15.3% |
9 | 8.4% | Diagnosis: Congenital SGS
| 36 | 22.1% | 25 | 23.4% |
Diagnosis: Non-congenital SGS | 49 | 30.1% |
25 | 23.4% | Diagnosis: Pseudo-obstruction
| 19 | 11.7% | 3 | 2.8% |
Diagnosis: Enteropathies | 2 | 1.2% |
8 | 7.5% | Diagnosis: Other/unknown
| 32 | 19.6% | 37 | 34.6% |
Blood type: A | 59 | 36.2% |
35 | 32.7% | Blood type: B
| 16 | 9.8% | 18 | 16.8% |
Blood type: AB | 8 | 4.9% |
4 | 3.7% | Blood type: O
| 80 | 49.1% | 50 | 46.7% |
IN medical urgency: Status 1 | 53 | 32.5% |
64 | 59.8% | IN medical urgency: Non-urgent
| 69 | 42.3% | 16 | 15.0% |
IN medical urgency: Inactive | 41 | 25.2% |
27 | 25.2% |
LI medical urgency: Status 1A/1B | | |
1 | 0.9% |
LI medical urgency: MELD/PELD ≥ 35 | | |
18 | 16.8% |
LI medical urgency: MELD/PELD 30-34 | | |
9 | 8.4% |
LI medical urgency: MELD/PELD 15-29 | | |
50 | 46.7% |
LI medical urgency: MELD/PELD < 15 | | |
0 | 0.0% | LI medical urgency: Unknown
| | | 0 | 0.0% |
LI medical urgency: Inactive | | |
29 | 27.1% | All candidates
| 163 | 100.0% | 107 |
100.0% |
Table IN 3 Listing characteristics of candidates on the intestine transplant waiting list on December 31, 2016 Candidates waiting for intestines with and without liver on December 31, 2016, regardless of first listing date; multiple listings are collapsed.
Characteristic | IN, N | IN, Percent | IN-LI, N | IN-LI, Percent |
Transplant history: First | 157 | 96.3% |
90 | 84.1% |
Transplant history: Retransplant | 6 | 3.7% |
17 | 15.9% | Wait time: < 1 year
| 50 | 30.7% | 44 | 41.1% |
Wait time: 1-< 2 years | 24 | 14.7% |
19 | 17.8% | Wait time: 2-< 3 years
| 21 | 12.9% | 11 | 10.3% |
Wait time: 3-< 4 years | 15 | 9.2% |
4 | 3.7% | Wait time: 4-< 5 years
| 14 | 8.6% | 3 | 2.8% |
Wait time: ≥ 5 years | 39 | 23.9% |
26 | 24.3% | Tx type: Intestine only
| 144 | 88.3% | 0 | 0.0% |
Tx type: Intestine-liver | 0 | 0.0% |
2 | 1.9% | Tx type: Intestine-pancreas
| 14 | 8.6% | 0 | 0.0% |
Tx type: Intestine-pancreas-liver | 0 | 0.0% |
101 | 94.4% |
Tx type: Intestine-pancreas-liver-kidney | 0 |
0.0% | 4 | 3.7% |
Tx type: Other | 5 | 3.1% |
0 | 0.0% | All candidates
| 163 | 100.0% | 107 |
100.0% |
Table IN 4 Intestine transplant waitlist activity, 2016 Candidates concurrently listed at more than one center are counted once, from the time of earliest listing to the time of latest removal. Candidates who are listed, undergo transplant, and are relisted are counted more than once. Candidates are not considered to be on the list on the day they are removed. Candidates listed for multi-organ transplants are included.
Waiting list state | IN | IN-LI |
Patients at start of year | 155 | 104 |
Patients added during year | 98 | 97 |
Patients removed during year | 90 | 94 |
Patients at end of year | 163 | 107 |
Table IN 5 Removal reason among intestine transplant candidates, 2016 Removal reason as reported to the OPTN. Candidates with death dates that precede removal dates are assumed to have died waiting.
Removal reason | IN | IN-LI |
Deceased donor transplant | 77 | 70 |
Living donor transplant | 0 | 0 |
Patient died | 4 | 9 |
Patient refused transplant | 0 | 0 |
Improved, transplant not needed | 3 | 5 |
Too sick for transplant | 1 | 6 |
Other | 5 | 4 |
Table IN 6 Demographic characteristics of intestine transplant recipients, 2016 Intestine transplant recipients, including retransplants.
Characteristic | IN, N | IN, Percent | IN-LI, N | IN-LI, Percent |
Age: < 18 years | 22 | 27.5% |
35 | 52.2% | Age: 18-34 years
| 16 | 20.0% | 12 | 17.9% |
Age: 35-49 years | 22 | 27.5% |
9 | 13.4% | Age: 50-64 years
| 20 | 25.0% | 11 | 16.4% |
Sex: Female | 37 | 46.2% |
21 | 31.3% | Sex: Male
| 43 | 53.8% | 46 | 68.7% |
Race/ethnicity: White | 55 | 68.8% |
41 | 61.2% | Race/ethnicity: Black
| 12 | 15.0% | 12 | 17.9% |
Race/ethnicity: Hispanic | 12 | 15.0% |
10 | 14.9% | Race/ethnicity: Asian
| 1 | 1.2% | 3 | 4.5% |
Race/ethnicity: Other/unknown | 0 | 0.0% |
1 | 1.5% | Insurance: Private
| 29 | 36.2% | 20 | 29.9% |
Insurance: Medicaid | 23 | 28.8% |
32 | 47.8% | Insurance: Unknown
| 28 | 35.0% | 15 | 22.4% |
All recipients | 80 | 100.0% |
67 | 100.0% |
Table IN 7 Clinical characteristics of intestine transplant recipients, 2016 Intestine transplant recipients, including retransplants. SGS, short-gut syndrome.
Characteristic | IN, N | IN, Percent | IN-LI, N | IN-LI, Percent |
Diagnosis: Necrotizing enterocolitis | 1 | 1.2% |
6 | 9.0% | Diagnosis: Congenital SGS
| 11 | 13.8% | 12 | 17.9% |
Diagnosis: Non-congenital SGS | 47 | 58.8% |
32 | 47.8% | Diagnosis: Pseudo-obstruction
| 7 | 8.8% | 0 | 0.0% |
Diagnosis: Enteropathies | 1 | 1.2% |
1 | 1.5% | Diagnosis: Other/unknown
| 13 | 16.2% | 16 | 23.9% |
Blood type: A | 28 | 35.0% |
27 | 40.3% | Blood type: B
| 10 | 12.5% | 3 | 4.5% |
Blood type: AB | 0 | 0.0% |
6 | 9.0% | Blood type: O
| 42 | 52.5% | 31 | 46.3% |
Medical condition: Hospitalized in ICU | 0 | 0.0% |
6 | 9.0% |
Medical condition: Hospitalized, not ICU | 9 |
11.2% | 19 | 28.4% |
Medical condition: Not hospitalized | 70 | 87.5% |
42 | 62.7% |
Medical condition: Hospitalization unknown | 1 |
1.2% | 0 | 0.0% |
IN medical urgency: Status 1 | 63 | 78.8% |
46 | 68.7% | IN medical urgency: Non-urgent
| 17 | 21.2% | 21 | 31.3% |
LI medical urgency: Status 1A/1B | | |
7 | 10.4% |
LI medical urgency: MELD/PELD ≥ 35 | | |
12 | 17.9% |
LI medical urgency: MELD/PELD 30-34 | | |
6 | 9.0% |
LI medical urgency: MELD/PELD 15-29 | | |
30 | 44.8% |
LI medical urgency: MELD/PELD < 15 | | |
11 | 16.4% | LI medical urgency: Unknown
| | | 1 | 1.5% |
All recipients | 80 | 100.0% |
67 | 100.0% |
Table IN 8 Transplant characteristics of intestine transplant recipients, 2016 Intestine transplant recipients, including retransplants.
Characteristic | IN, N | IN, Percent | IN-LI, N | IN-LI, Percent |
Wait time: < 31 days | 16 | 20.0% |
12 | 17.9% | Wait time: 31-60 days
| 14 | 17.5% | 10 | 14.9% |
Wait time: 61-90 days | 12 | 15.0% |
9 | 13.4% | Wait time: 3-< 6 months
| 15 | 18.8% | 20 | 29.9% |
Wait time: 6-< 12 months | 8 | 10.0% |
8 | 11.9% | Wait time: 1-< 2 years
| 11 | 13.8% | 4 | 6.0% |
Wait time: ≥ 2 years | 4 | 5.0% |
4 | 6.0% | Donor type: Deceased
| 80 | 100.0% | 67 | 100.0% |
Transplant history: First | 74 | 92.5% |
53 | 79.1% |
Transplant history: Retransplant | 6 | 7.5% |
14 | 20.9% | Tx type: Intestine only
| 67 | 83.8% | 0 | 0.0% |
Tx type: Intestine-liver-pancreas | 0 | 0.0% |
58 | 86.6% | Tx type: Intestine-liver
| 0 | 0.0% | 2 | 3.0% |
Tx type: Other | 13 | 16.2% |
7 | 10.4% | All recipients
| 80 | 100.0% | 67 | 100.0% |
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